In the aluminum profile industry, anodizing is a common surface treatment process that can form a uniform oxide film on the surface of aluminum materials. However, the same batch of aluminum alloy casings sometimes has color differences after processing, which is mainly caused by the following reasons:
1. Raw material factors: Impure components in the aluminum alloy (such as differences in the proportions of elements such as copper and magnesium) and impurities (such as silicon and iron) included during the smelting process will affect the color after oxidation.
2. Production process factors: Unstable electrolyte concentration, mismatched current density and inconsistent processing time will lead to uneven formation of oxide films, resulting in color difference.
These factors need to be controlled during the production process to ensure color consistency of anodized aluminum.
在铝型材行业中,阳极氧化是一种常见的表面处理工艺,它可以使铝材表面形成一层均匀、致密的氧化膜。
然而,有时候我们会发现,同一批铝合金外壳在进行阳极氧化处理后,会出现色差的现象。那么,究竟是什么原因导致了这种现象呢?本文将为您详细解答。
一、原材料因素
1. 铝合金材料成分不纯
铝合金材料的成分中含有多种元素,如铜、锰、镁等。这些元素在铝合金熔炼过程中的不同比例会影响到阳极氧化后的色差。当铝合金材料中的某些元素含量较高时,经过阳极氧化处理后,表面颜色可能会偏向于这些元素的颜色。
2. 合金熔炼过程中夹杂物
铝合金在熔炼过程中,可能会夹杂一些杂质,如硅、铁等。这些杂质在阳极氧化处理过程中会与氧化膜发生反应,导致表面颜色出现差异。
二、生产工艺因素
1. 电解液浓度不稳定
阳极氧化处理过程中,需要使用含有硫酸和硝酸的电解液。电解液中硫酸和硝酸的比例会影响到氧化膜的形成速度和质量。如果电解液浓度不稳定,可能导致部分区域氧化膜的形成速度较慢,从而产生色差。
2. 电流密度不匹配
阳极氧化处理过程中,需要控制适当的电流密度。电流密度过高或过低,都可能导致氧化膜的形成不均匀,从而产生色差。此外,电流密度的不匹配还可能导致局部腐蚀现象的发生,进一步影响表面颜色的一致性。
3. 处理时间不一致
阳极氧化处理的时间对表面颜色的影响也很大。如果处理时间不够长或过长,都可能导致氧化膜的形成不均匀,从而产生色差。此外,处理时间的不一致还可能导致部分区域的腐蚀程度不同,进一步影响表面颜色的一致性。
来源:永锢科技
原文始发于微信公众号(艾邦新消费电子资讯):Why do color variations occur in anodized aluminum alloy shells from the same batch?
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