The significance of aroma in determining the product quality of electronic cigarettes, as well as the contribution of aroma compounds to the overall fragrance, is highlighted in the article. It is mentioned that the aromatic quality of electronic cigarettes is primarily determined by the compounds that contribute the most, with perceptible aroma compounds having a greater impact on the overall fragrance. In order to understand the contribution of aroma compounds, the concept of Odor Activity Value (OAV) is introduced. This value is expressed as the ratio of the concentration of aroma compounds to their olfactory threshold. The article explains the application of OAV values, including determining the contribution of individual aroma compounds to the overall fragrance, defining fragrance profiles, and their application in the study of electronic cigarette flavors. Finally, the importance of OAV as a crucial indicator in competitive analysis and key stages of e-liquid production is emphasized.
香气是衡量电子烟品质的决定性因素,直接决定消费者对产品的喜好度和购买欲。
而电子烟的香气品质主要由具有较大贡献度的香气化合物决定。换句话说,越容易被人鼻感知到的香气化合物,对电子烟整体香气品质的贡献也就越大。因此,对电子烟中的香气化合物进行鉴定,并了解这些成分对电子烟香气的贡献能力,能够为电子烟仿香、创香提供实际指导,并增强我们对电子烟风味的理解。
一种气味能不能让人闻到取决于两个因素:一是这个物质的浓度(C),这很好理解,当然是含量越高越容易被感知到;二是这个物质的气味阈值(T),说白了就是这个物质本身是不是容易让人感受到,有些物质的含量虽然极低,但由于它的气味阈值也低,所以还是会对感官风味起到较大的贡献。
a、挥发物浓度(C, concentration)
b、嗅觉阈值(T, odor threshold)
嗅觉阈值,也叫气味阈值或香气阈值,一般分为“空气中嗅觉阈值”、“水中嗅觉阈值”和“其他介质中(如酒精)嗅觉阈值”三类。如下表,我们在计算OAV值的时候,一般取化合物的“水中嗅觉阈值”数据。
嗅觉阈值通常有2种获取方式:
① 根据 ISO 13301:2018 (Sensory analysis-Methodology)所提供的标准方法,使用“三点强制选择法”对香气化合物的嗅觉阈值进行测定。
②从文献、书籍等资料中查阅获得,下表为部分香气化合物的嗅觉阈值表[1]。
[1]里奥·范海默特.化合物嗅觉阙值汇编[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2018.LEO VAN HELMERT.Compilations ofodour threshold values in air, water and other media[M]. Beijing:Science and technology of China press, 2018.
3、OAV的应用价值
① 确定单一香气化合物对样品整体香气的贡献能力,在仿香、创香的过程中依据其贡献能力决定添加量的多寡。
② 香气轮廓(aroma profile)的确定、样品间差异香气化合物的筛选,例子如下:
此外,OAV可以作为重要指标,直接服务于竞品分析、保质期确定等烟油生产中的关键环节。
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原文始发于微信公众号(雾化探秘):The pivotal indicator for the aroma of electronic cigarettes is the Odor Activity Value (OAV).
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